By Dr. Pulasthi Kanchana (MBBS, MD, MRCS, FMAS)
Consultant General Surgeon
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Introduction
This leaflet explains what an anal fissure is and how it is treated.
It is meant to help you understand your condition.
It does not replace advice from your doctor.
What is an Anal Fissure?
An anal fissure is a small tear in the skin of the anus (back passage).
Although the cut is small, it can be very painful because this area is sensitive.
Anal fissures can occur in adults and children.They may heal on their own, but some last longer and need treatment.
Symptoms
- Sharp pain when passing stools
- Pain lasting for some time after bowel movement
- Bright red bleeding on toilet paper or in the toilet
- Itching or discomfort around the anus
If symptoms last more than 6 weeks, it is called a chronic anal fissure.
What Causes an Anal Fissure?
- Passing hard stools (constipation)
- Straining while using the toilet
- Diarrhea
- Tight anal muscles (muscle spasm)
Pain may make people avoid going to the toilet, which worsens constipation and delays healing.
Treatment
Most anal fissures heal without surgery.
Treatment focuses on:
- Keeping stools soft
- Reducing pain
- Relaxing anal muscles
Preventing Constipation
You can reduce symptoms by:
- Drinking at least 2 litres of water daily
- Eating high-fibre foods (vegetables, fruits, whole grains)
- Avoiding straining
- Not sitting on the toilet for long
- Exercising regularly
Medicines
- Stool softeners may be prescribed
- GTN (Rectogesic®) or Diltiazem ointment may be given to relax anal muscles
👉 Apply a pea-sized amount to the outside of the anus, as advised by your doctor.
Possible side effects may include headache, dizziness, or mild irritation.
Other Treatment Options
If symptoms do not improve:
- Botox injection may be offered
- Surgery (lateral sphincterotomy) may be considered in selected patients
Your doctor will explain risks and benefits if surgery is needed.
When to See a Doctor
- Pain or bleeding lasting more than 2–3 weeks
- Severe pain
- Repeated anal fissures
Contact Details for more information
Dr. Pulasthi Kanchana
Phone and Whatsapp: +94777636123
Website: https://www.facebook.com/CeylonClinics/
Email: pulasthi@live.com
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